Kfg;G
 gj;jphpif ntspaPLfSk; ciufSk;
 tq;fpiag;gw;wp
 ehzaf; nfhs;if
 epjpapay; Kiwik cWjpg;ghL
 ehza Kfhikj;Jtk;
 KftH njhopw;ghLfs;
 Gs;sp tpguq;fs;
 rl;lq;fSk; Vw;ghLfSk;
 ntspaPLfs;
 fy;tp
 gzpfSk; njhopy; tha;g;GfSk;
 
ntspaPLfs;

Vida ntspaPLfs;

kj;jpa tq;fpapd; gpe;jpa fy;tpapay; ntspaPL

tl;b tPjq;fs; - nfhs;iffSk; eilKiwfSk;

h

KidtH. lgps;A+.vk;. N`kr;re;jputpdhy; vOjg;gl;L ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapdhy; ntspaplg;gl;l Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l njhdpg;nghUspidf; nfhz;l ntspaPlhdJ ,yq;ifiag; gpd;dzpahff; nfhz;L tl;b tPjq;fs; kw;Wk; eilKiwapy; mtw;wpd; gpuNahfk; kPjhd nfhs;if hPjpahd gFg;gha;tpidj; jUfpwJ. ,J gy;fiyf;fof khztHfs;> fy;tpapayhsHfs;> gFg;gha;thsHfs;> Muha;r;rpahsHfs; kw;Wk; nfhs;if tFg;NghUf;F gbg;gpw;F kpfr;rpwe;jnjhU fUT+ykhFk;. NkYk;> ,t;ntspaPlhdJ> ,j;Jiwapy; khztHfspdhy; mbf;fb Nfl;fg;gLk; ngUk;ghyhd Nfs;tpfSf;fhd njspTgLj;jy;fisAk; toq;FfpwJ.
Nkyjpf tpguq;fs; >>



nghUspay; Nfhl;ghLfs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffs; (rpq;fs nkhopapy;)

h

,e;E}yhdJ Ez;ghf> ngUk;ghf> epjpapay;> muR kw;Wk; ntspehl;Lj;Jiw vd;gtw;iw mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l nghUshjhu eltbf;iffspd; Nfhl;ghl;L kw;Wk; nrad;Kiw rhHe;j mk;rq;fisAk; gFg;gha;T rhjdq;fisAk; gbg;gbahf gFg;gha;T nra;tjid cs;slf;fp ,yFthd nkhopapy; vOjg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. MfNt ,e;E}y; f.ngh.j. caH ju khztHfSf;F gad;kpf;f nghUshjhug; ghl E}yhfTk; nghUshjhuj;ijAk; epjpiaAk; fw;fpd;w njhopy;rhH ghlnewpfspYk; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspYs;stHfSf;Fk; mtHfsJ MrphpaHfSf;Fk; mNj Nghd;W fy;ypapayhSHfSf;Fk; kw;Wk; nfhs;if tFg;NghUf;Fk; gad;kpf;fjhf mikAk;.
Nkyjpf tpguq;fs; >>


mz;ika ehzaj; jhs; njhlHfspd; tbtikg;Gj; Njhw;wk; gw;wpa ,ilg; ghpkhw;w njhlHgpidf; nfhz;l ,Wtl;L

h

Gjpa ehzaj; jhs; njhlHfspd; tbtikg;G kw;Wk; ghJfhg;Gj; Njhw;wq;fs; gw;wpa Kk;nkhopfspyhd ,ilg; ghpkhw;w njhlHgpidf; nfhz;l ,Wtl;L kpf Kf;fpak; tha;e;j fy;tp rhHe;j mUk;nghUshf khztHfSf;Fk; nghJkf;fSf;Fk; toq;fg;gLk;. ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp Gj;jstpy; 2011 ngg;GUthp 4Mk; ehs; law;w fpUs fz;fhl;rpapy; 'RgPl;rk;> mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk; ,yq;if eldf; fiyQHfs;' vd;w mUk;nghUspyike;j mjd; 11MtJ ehzaj; njhlHfis ntspapl;lJ.

nghUshjhuj;jpd; mbg;gilj;jj;Jtq;fs; gw;wpa gFg;gha;T (rpq;fs nkhop %yk;)

h

nghUshjhunkhd;W njhopw;gLfpd;w tpjk; gw;wp tpsq;fpf; nfhs;sTk; gFg;gha;T nra;tjw;Fk; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Kf;fpa tplaq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ,e;E}y; njhFf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. MfNt> ,e;E}yhdJ nghUshjhunkhd;wpd; njhopw;ghl;L jsk;> EfHNthH kw;Wk; cw;gj;jpahsHfspd; elj;ij> nghUl;fs; kw;Wk; gzpfspd; re;ij> Nguz;lg; nghUshjhu eltbf;iffis mstpLjy;> Nguz;lg; nghUshjhu ,af;f rkepiy> gzk;> tq;fpj;njhopy; kw;Wk; ehzaf; nfhs;if> gd;dhl;L tHj;jfk;> epjp kw;Wk; nrd;kjp epYit> mur epjp kw;Wk; ,iwf; nfhs;if kw;Wk; jw;Nghija cyfshtpa epjpapay; neUf;fb vd;gdtw;iwf; nfhz;l gy Kf;fpa tplaq;fis cs;slf;fpAs;sJ. MfNt> ,e;E}yhdJ f.ngh.j. caHju khztHfs;> njhopy;rhH ghl newpfs;> gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; nghUspaiyf; fw;NghH mJ Nghd;W MrphpaH MfpNahUf;F gad;kpf;f xU fy;tpapay; njhFg;ghff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

NkYk; tpguq;fSf;F

 

rpj;jpu E}y;
gztPf;fj;jpd; fij


,r;fpj;jpu E}y; gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F ,yFthd tpilfisf; fhz cjTk;

  • gztPf;fk; vd;why; vd;d?
  • gztPf;fj;jpw;fhd fhuzq;fs; vd;d?
  • gztPf;fk; vt;thW nghUshjhuj;jpidg; ghjpf;fpd;wJ?
  • gztPf;fj;ij vt;thW fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;?
  • gztPf;fk; vt;thW mstplg;gLfpwJ?

,e;jg; Gj;jfj;ij thrpf;f >>


gzf; nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fs;> tq;fpfs; kw;Wk; nghUshjhuk; (rpq;fsk; kw;Wk; jkpo;)

h

,e;E}yhdJ mbg;gil epjpapay; tplaq;fspd; kPjhd mjhtJ> ,yq;ifapd; epjpapay; Kiwik> gzk;> ehzaf; nfhs;if> epjpapay; re;ijfs;> ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpr; re;ij> tHj;jf tq;fpj; njhopy;> tq;fp Nkw;ghHit> kj;jpa tq;fpj; njhopy; kw;Wk; jw;Nghija cyfshtpa epjpapay; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu neUf;fb vd;gd gw;wpa fy;tprhH Ma;Tfis cs;slf;fpAs;sJ. ,e;E}yhdJ tplaq;fspd; Nfhl;ghl;L hPjpahd kw;Wk; eilKiw hPjpahd mk;rq;fis cs;slf;fp ,yFthd nkhopapy; vOjg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. MfNt ,e;E}yhdJ f.ngh.j. (c.j.) khztHfSf;Fk;> njhopy;rhH ghl newpfSf;Fk; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; epjp kw;Wk; nghUshjhuj;jpidf; fw;gtHfSf;Fk; mtHfsJ MrphpaHfSf;Fk; mNjNghd;W fy;tpahsHfs; kw;Wk; nfhs;if tFg;NghUf;Fk; gad;kpf;f fy;tprhH njhFjpnahd;whf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.
NkYk; tpguq;fSf;F



60MtJ Mz;L rpwg;G ntspaPL

kyUk; epidTfs; - Xa;T Neu E}y;

fg

kyUk; epidTfs; vd;w epidtpy; itj;jpUf;f Ntz;ba mk;rq;fisf; Fwpf;fpd;w Xa;T Neu E}yhdJ> kj;jpa tq;fp Muk;gpf;fg;gl;ll 1950Mk; Mz;bypUe;J mJ njhopw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhz;L te;j r%f> murpay; kw;Wk; nghUshjhug; gpd;dzpapid fhl;Lfpd;w glq;fslq;fpa epidTfis kPl;Lg; ghHg;gjw;fhd rhsunkhd;whf tpsq;FfpwJ.
,jid thrpg;gjw;F


jUzj;jpw;F Vw;w Ma;Tj; njhlh;fs;
tq;fpj; njhopy; Ma;T epiyaj;jpy; Mw;wpa gfpuq;f tpupTiufspd; ntspaPL


fpilf;ff;$ba jUzj;jpw;F Vw;w Ma;Tfspd; gl;bay; >>

ghuk;ghpaj; njhlH
gpuNjrj;jpd; Gfo; kpf;f ,lq;fisg;gw;wp nghJkf;fspd; mwptpidAk;> tpsf;fj;jpidAk; tpupTgLj;Jtjw;fhf> gpuNjr mgptpUj;jp tq;fpfspd; $l;NlhL xU njhluhd ntspaPLfs; gpuRupf;fg;gl;ld. Mq;fpyk;> rpq;fsj;jpy; fpilf;Fk;


UFidapd;
ghuk;ghpak;
(2001)
  rg;gpufKthtpd; ghuk;ghpak;
(2002)
  fz;Lul;ltpd; ghuk;ghpak;
(2004)
  ,uh[ul;ilapd; ghuk;ghpak;
(2004)

khehl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fs;

gpuhe;jpa nfhLg;gdT KidTfis Nehf;fp - rhHf; epjpa khehl;Lg; gj;jpuq;fs; >>

kj;jpa tq;fpj; njhopYk; epjpapay; re;ijfSk; - ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; Muk;g gd;dhl;L Muha;r;rp khehl;by; rkHg;gpf;fg;gl;l fl;Liufs; >>
Njly;
> mbf;fb Nfl;fg;gLk; Nfs;tpfs;
> ,izg;Gf;fs;
> tpsf;fg;glk;
> vq;fSld; njhlh;G nfhs;f
> kWg;G
ntspaPLfs;
nghUshjhu> epjpapay; mwpf;if
  Gs;sptpguk;
  fy;tp Muha;r;rpfs;
  fhyhe;ju ntspaPLfs;
  kf;fis tpopg;G+l;ly;
  Muha;r;rp khehl;Lr; nraw;ghLfs;
  Vida ntspaPLfs;
  tpw;gidj; jfty;fs;
  tpiyg;gl;bay;
 
 
©,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp midj;J chpikfisAk; nfhz;Ls;sJ. gf;fk; = yq;fh nuypnfhk; ntg; gzpfspdhy; tbikf;fg;gl;lJ.