tzpfkag;gLj;jg;gl;l Vw;Wkjpfs;
	nghUl;fs;> gzpfspd; Vw;Wkjpf;F jilfspd;wp mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. Vw;Wkjpfspd; %yk; fpilf;Fk; njhifapid vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLkpd;wp jha;ehl;bw;F jpUg;gp mDg;gTk;> &gh fzf;fpy; / ,yq;ifapy; cs;s tHj;jf tq;fpapy; ,Uf;Fk; cs;ehl;L tq;fpj; njhopy; gphptpy; cs;s Vw;Wkjpahshpd; ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpy; tuT itf;fTk; KbAk; my;yJ ,j;jifa gzj;jpid ntspehl;by; %yjdj; nrhj;Jf;fs; thq;Ftjw;F gad;gLj;jf;$lhJ vd;w epge;jidfSf;Fl;gl;L mt;thW Vw;Wkjp %yk; fpilf;Fk; njhifapid ntspehl;by; itj;Jf; nfhs;sTk; KbAk;. vt;thwhapDk;> gtsf;fy; kw;Wk; rpg;gp XL> ahidj;je;jk;> fUq;fhyp kuk; (ifNtiyg;ghl;L tbtj;jpy;)> kuk; (Fj;jpfs;> ntl;ba Jz;Lfs; tbtj;jpy;) kw;Wk; goq;fhy Nkhl;lhh; thfdq;fs; vd;gdtw;wpd; Vw;WkjpfSf;F ,wf;Fkjp> Vw;Wkjpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; mDkjp NjitahFk;.
	vdNt> ,wf;Fkjpfs; Vw;Wkjpfs; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; mDkjp Njitg;gLk; Vw;Wkjpfs; jtph;e;j Vida Vw;Wkjpfis Vw;Wkjpahsh;fs; tHj;jf tq;fpfs; %ykhf vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLk; ,y;yhky; Nkw;nfhs;syhk;.
	tzpfkag;gLj;jg;gl;l ,wf;Fkjpfs;
	,wf;Fkjp Vw;Wkjpf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; toq;fg;gl;l 1977.11.15Mk; ehsplg;gl;l ,y. 291/7> 98.04.08Mk; ehsplg;gl;l ,yf;fk; 1022/6 nfhz;l mur tHj;jkhdp mwptpj;jy;fspy; Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l mur tHj;jff; nfhs;iffSf;Fk; mjd; gpd;dH mjhtJ 2003 ngg;GUthp 27Mk; ehsplg;gl;l ,y. 1277/12 kw;Wk; 2003 jpnrk;gH 18Mk; ehsplg;gl;l ,y. 1319/28 nfhz;l tHj;jkhdpfs; %yk; mjw;Fr; nra;ag;gl;l jpUj;jq;fSf;Fk; cl;gl;L nghUl;fspd; ,wf;Fkjpf;fhd nfhLg;gdTfs; vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLkpd;wp mDkjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
	JiwKfj;jpyhd tHj;jfk;;
	JiwKfj;jpyhd tHj;jfj;jpw;fhd nghUl;fspd; ,wf;Fkjp gpd;tUk; eilKiwfSf;fpzq;f epWtg;gl;l gpw;Nghlg;gl;l nfhLg;gdT> Vw;Wf;nfhs;sy; kPjhd Mtzq;fs; kw;Wk; ehzaf; fbjq;fs; vd;gdtw;wpd; kPJ mDkjpf;fg;gl;ld.
	m. ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fs; %d;whtJ ehl;bw;F kPs Vw;Wkjp nra;ag;gLk;   tiu Rq;ff; fl;Lg;ghl;by; cs;s fsQ;rpa miwapy; itf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. M. %d;whtJ ehnlhd;wpw;F Vw;Wkjp nra;tjw;F Kd;dH> Rq;f fl;Lg;ghl;bYs;s   fsQ;rpa miwapy; nghjpaply; / Rl;Lj;Jz;L xl;Ljy;> rpwpasT gjdply; vd;gdtw;wpw;fhf ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;l nghUl;fs;. ,. tzpfUila ehl;bw;F ngsjPf hPjpahf nghUl;fs; tuhky; ,uz;lhk; ehl;bypUe;J   %d;whk; ehl;bw;F nghUl;fis Neubahf Vw;Wkjp nra;jy;. <. Rq;ff; fl;Lg;ghl;by; cs;s fsQ;rpa miwf;F vLj;Jr; nry;yhky;   JiwKfj;Jf;Fs;NsNa xU fg;gypy; / tpkhdj;jpy; ,Ue;J kw;nwhd;Wf;F khw;Wjy;. vt;thwhapDk;> nea;ag;gl;l Jzp> ijj;j Milfs;> Nghijg; nghUs;> Aj;j jsghlq;fs;> ntb nghUl;fs; vd;gd JiwKfj;jpyhd tHj;jfj;jpd; fPo; kPs Vw;Wkjpf;fhf ,wf;Fkjp nra;tjw;F jil tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

	fg;gy; tpkhd Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fs;
	fg;gy; Nghf;Ftuj;J Kfth;fSk; tpkhdf; fk;gdpfspd; nghJ tpw;gid Kfth;fSk; jq;fSila fk;gdpfSf;fhfr; Nrfhpf;Fk; fl;lzq;fis fk;gdpfSf;fhf tHj;jf tq;fpfspy; Ngzg;gLk; &gh eilKiwf; fzf;fpy; my;yJ tpNrl ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpy; tuT itg;gjw;F mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;. vy;yh cs;ehl;L nryTfSk; JiwKff; fl;lzq;fs;> nfhs;fyd; ifahsy; fl;lzq;fs;> Kfth; juF vd;gd ,f;fzf;FfspypUe;Nj ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,f;fzf;fpy; VjhtJ gw;whf;Fiw Vw;gLkhapd; mjid epth;j;jp nra;tjw;F jkJ jha;f; fk;gdpfsplkpUe;J gztDg;giyg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjid Kfth;fs; cWjp nra;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,f;fzf;Ffspy; vy;yh nryTfspd; gpd;dh; VjhtJ kpif ,Uf;Fkhapd; mtw;wpid jha;f; fk;gdpfSf;F nryhtzpf;fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpizf;fsj;jpd;; Kd; mDkjp ,y;yhky; mDg;Gtjw;F mDkjpaspf;fg;gl;Ls;sdh;.
	ruf;F mDg;Gjy;
	ruf;F mDg;Gk; tpahghuj;ij Nkw;nfhs;Sk; fk;gdpfs; 1990.12.20 Mk; jpfjpaplg;gl;l ,yf;fk; 641/15 nfhz;l mur th;j;jfkhdp mwptpj;jypd;gb nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpizf;fsj;Jld; gjpT nra;AkhW Nfl;fg;gLfpd;wd. NkYk; mj;jifa fk;gdpfs; &gh eilKiwf;fzf;F xd;wpid ruf;F mDg;Gk; eltbf;iffSf;fhf nray;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
	tUkhdg; gztDg;gy;fs;
	tHj;jf tq;fpfs; Chlhf gpd;tUk; nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fSf;F mDkjp mspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
	m. Ntiytha;g;G xg;ge;jq;fspd; epajpfspy; njhopy;jUeHfspdhy; nrYj;jg;gLk;   $ypfs;> rk;gsq;fs; kw;Wk; Vida ed;ikfs; cl;gl Gyk;ngaHe;j CopaHfSf;fhd nfhLg;gdTfs; M. gq;fpyhgk;> tl;b> thlif kw;Wk; ,yhgk; cs;spl;l KjyPl;L tUkhdk;

	ntspehl;by; KjyPL
	,yq;ifapy; ,Ug;gth;fs; ntspehl;by; KjyPL nra;tjw;nfd ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpia tpLtpf;ff; Nfhhp nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhsUf;F tpz;zg;gq;fis Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wdH. gq;Ffspd; nfhs;tdT njhlh;ghd KjyPlhf ,Uf;Fkhapd; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;L rl;lk; gpupT 17 ,d; fPo; mj;jifa KjyPLfs; mr;rl;lj;jpd; gb nfsut epjp mikr;rhpd; mDkjpAlNdNa Nkw;nfhs;syhk;. Fwpg;gpl;l gq;Ffspd; nfhs;tdtpy; ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzp rk;ge;jg;glhtpl;lhYk; 1985 Mk; Mz;L etk;gH 19 Mk; jpfjpapy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l epjpaikr;rpd; gzpg;gpd; gb ntspehl;by; KjypLtjw;fhd vy;yh tpz;zg;gq;fSk; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; tpje;JiuAld; mq;fPfhuj;Jf;fhf epjpaikr;rUf;F rkh;g;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,jpy; cs;ehl;by; cs;s Kaw;rpahsh; njhlh;G kw;Wk; fpis mYtyfq;fis epWTtjw;nfd ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzp tpLg;Gf;fhf nra;ag;gl;l tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fSk; mlq;Fk;.
	fk;gdpfspd; Copah;fspdhy; ntspehl;by; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; njhopy; KjyPL
	"Copah; gq;F tpUg;gj; jpl;lq;fspy;" ntspehl;L fk;gdpfspd; cs;@h; fpisfs; / Jiz epWtdq;fspd; Copah;fs; gq;Ffisf; nfhs;tdT nra;tjd; %yk; mj;jifa Copah;fSf;F mj;jifa gq;Ffisf; nfhs;tdT nra;tjd; %yk; fpilf;fpd;w ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzp ed;ikfspd; mbg;gilapy; ke;jphpf;F tpje;Jiug;G nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
	cs;ehl;L fk;gdpfspdhy; ntspehl;by; epWtg;gLk; njhlh;G / fpis mYtyq;fSf;fhd KjyPL
	,yq;if Vw;WkjpfSf;F ntspehLfspy; re;ij trjpfis xOq;F nra;Ak; nghUl;L my;yJ ntspehLfspy; fl;bl xg;ge;jq;fspy; <LgLtjw;fhf my;yJ njhopy;El;g hPjpahd gzpfs; Nghd;wtw;iw toq;Ftjw;fhf fpis / njhlh;G mYtyfq;fis epWTtjw;F epjp mikr;Rf;F tpz;zg;gq;fs; tpje;Jiuf;fg;gLfpd;wd. vt;thwhapDk; ,yq;if KjyPl;L rigapdhy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l njhopy; Kaw;rpfs; njhlh;ghd KjyPlhf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; ntspehl;by; KjyPl;bid Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;L rl;lj;jpd; fPo; KjyPl;L rigapdhy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l njhopy; Kaw;rpfSf;F nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lr; rl;lj;jpy; KOikahd tpjptpyf;fspf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
	ntspehl;bypUe;J jdpahhpd; fld;ghL
	tjptplf; fk;gdpfspdhy;; ntspehl;bypUe;J fld; ngWtjw;fhf nra;;ag;gLk; tpz;zg;gq;fs; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gLtJld; mJ mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wjh my;yJ epuhfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wjh vd;gJ mjd; jfikapNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ.
	tjptpl Vw;Wkjpf; fk;gdpfs; ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpy; fld;gLjy;
	jq;fsJ eilKiw epiyahd %yjdj; NjitfSf;F jq;fsplk; NghjpasT ntspehl;L ehza rk;ghj;jpak; ,Uf;fpwJ vd tq;fpiaj; jpUg;jpg;gLj;jpdhy;> nghUl;fs; gzpfis Vw;Wkjp nra;NthUf;F (Neub Vw;Wkjpahsh;fs;) ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpy; tHj;jf tq;fpfs; fld;fis toq;f mDkjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,j;jifa fld;fs; Vw;Wkjpahsh;fspd; eilKiw %yjdk;> epiyahd %yjdk; Mfpatw;wpd; Njitfs; epth;j;jp nra;ag;gLtjw;fhf fldpd; fhyk; njhlh;ghf vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLfSk; ,y;yhky; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,j;jifa fld;fSk; fld; kPjhd tl;bAk; ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpNyNa jpUg;gpr; nrYj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,j;jifa fld;fis mwtpl KbahjNghJ> fld; toq;fpa tq;fp flDf;F gpizahf itf;fg;gl;l nrhj;Jf;fis ntspehl;L ehzaj; njhiff;F tpw;gjw;F rfy Kaw;rpfisAk; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mj;jifa Kaw;rp if$lhjNghJ> kPjkhfTs;s fld; kPjpapid jPh;f;Fk; nghUl;L &ghapid mj;jifa Njitahd njhiff;F rkkhd njhiff;F khw;wpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
	cj;juthjq;fSf;fhd xg;Gjy;
	,yq;iff;F ntspapy; cs;s VjhtJ gLfld; my;yJ flg;ghL my;yJ nghWg;G njhlh;ghf tjpNthuhy; nfhLf;fg;gLk; cj;juthjq;fs; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpdJ nghJthd my;yJ tpNrl xg;Gjiyg; ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l tzpfh;fs; cj;juthjj;jpidf; nfhLg;gjw;F my;yJ GJg;gpg;gjw;F my;yJ ,j;jifa nghWg;gpid Vw;gjw;F nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhsh; mDkjp toq;fpAs;shh;. ,jd; eilKiwg;gLj;jy; tjptw;w xUtUf;F mDg;gg;glj;jf;f ,yq;if &ghf; nfhLg;gdTfSld; my;yJ gpd;tUk; Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpy; nfhLg;gdT nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;.
	01 Vw;Wkjpfs; kw;Wk; gzpfs; njhlh;ghd xg;ge;jq;fisg; nghWj;jtiuapy;   ,yq;iff;F ntspapy; tjpAk; xUtUf;F rhh;ghf tpiyf; Nfhuy; gj;jpuq;fs; vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLfSk; ,y;yhjNghJk;> tpiyf;Nfhuypy; Fwpf;fg;gl;l epge;jidfSf;Nfw;g Nfs;tpg;gj;jpuj;jpy; my;yJ tpiyf;Nfhuypy; Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l epge;jidfSf;Fl;gl;ljhFk;.     02 Vw;Wkjpfs; kw;Wk; gzpfs; njhlh;ghd xg;ge;jq;fisg; nghWj;jtiuapy;   ,yq;iff;F ntspapy; tjpAk; xUtUf;F rhh;ghd nrayhw;w Kwpfs; vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLk; ,y;yhj NghJk; xg;ge;jk; fpilj;jikia ep&gpg;gjw;Fk; xg;ge;jj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s epge;jidfs; filg;gpbg;gjw;Fk; cl;gl;ljhf ,Uf;Fk;.     03 ,yq;ifapy; tjpAk; Kfthpd; Ntz;LNfhspd;gb> jkJ ntspehl;L jha; Kfth;   rhh;ghf I. m. nlhyh; 500>000 ngWkjpf;F cj;juthjf; fbjq;fs; tjpahNjhh; rhh;ghf toq;f Ntz;Lk;. ,J> cj;juthjq;fs; njhlHghf NkNy Fwpg;gplg;gl;l kw;iwa epajpfs; kw;Wk; epge;jidfSf;Fg; Gwk;ghf> ,Nj khjphpahd epge;jidfspd; kPJ tjpahj jha; KfthplkpUe;J ,iz cj;juthjnkhd;wpid my;yJ ,iz ,og;gPnlhd;wpidg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk; vd;w epge;jidf;Fl;gl;ljhFk;. mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l tzpfh;fSk; cj;juthjq;fis ntspapLtNjhL cj;juthjq;fisg; GJg;gpj;J mj;jifa cj;juthjq;fs; njhlh;ghd Nfhuy;fspd; kPJ gzj;jpidr; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;. I .m. nlhyh; 500>000 ngWkjpf;F Nky; ntspaplg;gLk; tq;fp cj;juthjq;fSf;F nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpizf;fsk; xg;Gjy; mspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
	tjpNthuhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; ntspehl;L xg;ge;jq;fs;
	cs;ehl;L fk;gdpfs; ntspehl;bYs;sth;fSld; xg;ge;jk; nra;J nfhs;Sk;NghJ nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;L jpizf;fsj;jpd; Kd; mq;fPfhuj;ijg; ngw;W jq;fsJ Muk;g %yjdj;ij ntspapnyLj;Jr; nry;y mDkjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,J> ,yq;ifapy; ngwg;gltpUf;Fk; Nkyjpf epjpak; fz;fhzpf;fg;gLk; vd;w epge;jidf;Fl;gl;ljhFk;.
	Mf;fThpikia thq;Fjy;
	Mf;fThpik> gjpg;Ghpik> tHj;j milahsk; kw;Wk; FbAhpik Nghd;wtw;wpid thq;Ftjw;fhd gztDg;gy;fs; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; Kd; xg;Gjiyg; ngwNtz;Lk;. ,it njhlHghd mikr;Rf;fspd; tpje;Jiug;gpd; kPJ toq;fg;gLfpd;wd.

• ve;j mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l tzpfHfs; ClhfTk; ngwg;gl;l ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpyike;j cs;Kf gztDg;gy;fs;.
• fzf;F itj;jpUg;gthpdhy; ehl;bw;Fs; nfhz;L tug;gl;l ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzp
• tjpahNjhH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;F itj;jpUg;Nghhpd; neUq;fpa FLk;g cWg;gpdHfSk;* Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l ntspehl;L ehzaq;fspy; ve;jnthU njhifapidAk; tuT itg;gjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gl;ldH.
• fzf;fpYs;s epjpaj;jpd; kPJ ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpy; nrYj;jg;glj;jf;f tl;b.

*kidtp/ fztd;> jha;> je;ij> rNfhjud;> rNfhjhp> kfd; my;yJ kfs;

• eilKiw gd;dhl;L nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fs;> xU tjpahNjhH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpypUe;J kw;nwhU fzf;fpw;F epjpia khw;Wjy; my;yJ ,yq;ifapy; nfhLg;gdTfisr; nra;jy; (mg;NghJ epyTfpd;w nryhtzp tPjj;jpy; ,yq;if &ghtpw;F khw;Wjy;) Nghd;wtw;wpd; nghUl;L ,f; fzf;fpw;F Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gw;Wf;fs; vt;tpj fl;Lg;ghLkpd;wp mDkjpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
• gazr; rPl;Lf;fisr; rkHg;gpf;Fkplj;J> tjpahNjhH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;F itj;jpUg;gthpd; ntspehl;Lg; gazj;jpd; nghUl;L mj;jifa fzf;FfspYs;s epjpf;F vjpuhf gazpfs; fhNrhiyfisAk; ehzaj; jhs;fisAk; toq;f KbAk;.
  
  

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Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs; tzpf Vw;WkjpahsHfs; mtHfsJ Vw;Wkjpg; ngWiffisg; gad;gLj;jp Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffisj; jpwg;gjw;F chpj;JilatuhtH. ,f; fzf;Ffis ,yq;ifapYs;s ve;jnthU tHj;jf tq;fpapdJk; cs;ehl;L tq;fpj;njhopy; gphptpYk; eilKiw/ Nrkpg;G/ epiyahd itg;Gf; fzf;F tbtpy; Ngzpf; nfhs;syhk;. ,t; Vw;Wkjpg; ngWiffis tjpahNjhH ntspehl;L ehza my;yJ tjpNthH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs; Nghd;w thp tpyf;fy;fs; my;yJ thp kd;dpg;gpw;F jFjpngw;w ,yq;ifapYs;s ve;jnthU tq;fpf; fzf;fpYk; tuT itf;f KbahJ. 5. tjpAk; tpUe;jpdH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs; tjpAk; tpUe;jpdH jpl;lk; - rpwg;Gf; fzf;Ffs; ehl;bd; nghUshjhu> r%f – fyhr;rhu mgptpUj;jpf;F gq;fspf;ff;$ba tha;g;Gf;fisf; nfhz;Ls;s ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsHfs; kw;Wk; njhopy;rhH epGzHfSf;fhd Cf;Ftpg;Gj; njhFjpapd; xU gFjpahf 1991,y; ,j;jpl;lk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo;> ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsHfSk;> njhopy;rhH epGzHfSk; KjyPl;L Nehf;fq;fSf;fhfTk; ,yq;ifapy; mtHfsJ guhkhpg;Gr; nrytpw;fhfTk; epjpfis mDg;GkhW Nfl;Lf; nfhs;sg;gl;ldH. 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KjyPl;lhsUf;fhd rpwg;Gf; fzf;F tjpAk; tpUe;jpdH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs;                tuTfs; ,f; fzf;Ffs; ,yq;ifapy; KjyPL nra;tjw;fhf tq;fpj;njhopy; KiwapD}lhf my;yJ Rq;fj;jpw;F ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;L ehl;bw;Fs; nfhz;L tug;gl;l Fiwe;jgl;rk; I.m.nlhyH 250>000 my;yJ mjw;Fr; rkdhd ve;jnthU khw;wj;jf;f ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpyike;j njhifapid Muk;g itg;ghf ,Lk; Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf jpwf;fg;gl Ntz;baitahFk;.               gw;Wf;fs; m.  gpd;tUtdtw;wpw;fhf> ,f; fzf;fpypUe;jhd kPsg;ngWiffs; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; Kd; xg;Gjypd;wp mDkjpf;fg;glyhk;. mm.   njhlHghd xg;Gjy;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;likf;fhd Mtzr; rhd;Wfis rkHg;gpg;gjd; %yk; “xg;Gjyspf;fg;gl;l nraw;wpl;lq;fspy;” KjyPL nra;jy;.        ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf “xg;Gjyspf;fg;gl;l nraw;wpl;lq;fs;” vd;gJ ,yq;ifapYs;s KjyPl;Lr; rig my;yJ njhlHghd mjpfhurigapdhy; xg;Gjyspf;fg;gl;l Gjpa njhopy; Kaw;rp njhlHghd mjpfhurigapdhy; xg;Gjyspf;fg;gl;l nraw;wpl;lq;fspy; <Lgl;Ls;s Vw;fdNtAs;s my;yJ Gjpa fk;gdpfs; ; kw;Wk; nfhOk;G gq;Fg; ghptHj;jidapy; gl;bayplg;gl;Ls;s gq;Ffs; MM.  I.m. nlhyH 250>000 my;yJ mjw;Fr; rkkhd khw;wj;jf;f Vida ntspehl;L ehzaq;fSf;Fr; rkkhd njhiff;Fk; $Ljyhf ehl;bw;Fs; nfhz;L tug;gl;L gad;gLj;jg;glhJ fzf;fpy; itj;jpUf;fg;gl;l epjpak; M.  KjyPL jtpHe;j Vida ve;jnthU Nehf;fq;fSf;fhd gz kPsg;ngWiffSk; nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; Kd; mDkjpapidg; ngw;wpUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,J ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; eilKiwg;gLj;jy; Kftuhz;ikapd; ,zf;fj;JlNdNa toq;fg;gLk;.      ,f; fzf;fpYs;s gad;gLj;jg;glhj kPjpapd; kPJ njhlf;fj;jpy; ,uz;lhz;L fhyg;gFjpf;F tl;b nrYj;Jtjw;F mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l tzpfHfs; mDkjpf;fg;gl;ldH. ,J ,t; tl;b tPjk; tjpahNjhH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;FfSf;F nrYj;jg;gLfpd;w tl;b tPjj;jpid tpQ;rf;$lhJ vd;w epge;jidf;Fl;gl;ljhFk;. mj;jifa tl;bf; nfhLg;gdTfs; fPNo Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;s KjyPl;lhsHfspd; tjpAk; tpUe;jpdH &gh eilKiwf; fzf;fpw;F khw;wy; nra;ag;gly; Ntz;Lk;.      ,uz;lhz;Lfs; Kbtile;j gpd;dH nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; Kd; mDkjpapd;wp tl;b vJTk; nrYj;jg;glf;$lhJ.   6. kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs; “kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs;” vd;w ntspehl;L ehza jpl;lk; Vw;WkjpahsHfSf;fhd Nkyjpf Cf;Ftpg;nghd;whf mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,jd; %yk; jkJ toq;fy;fSf;F ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpy; nfhLg;gdTfisr; nra;af;$ba epiyapYs;s Neub Vw;WkjpahsHfsplkpUe;J ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpy; nfhLg;gdTfisg; ngWtjw;F kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfs; mDkjpf;fg;gl;ldH. kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfspdhy; toq;fg;gl;l cw;gj;jpfSf;fhf Neub Vw;WkjpahsHfsplkpUe;J kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehza fzf;fpw;F tuT itf;fg;gLtjw;fhf ngwg;gLfpd;w ntspehl;L ehza trjpfs;> mj;jifa kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfspd; cw;gj;jpfs; Fiwe;jgl;rk; 35 rjtPjkhd cs;ehl;Lg;;; ngWkjp$l;liyf; nfhz;bUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l tzpfHfs;> kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfs; Neub Vw;WkjpahsHfSf;F toq;fpa nghUl;fspd; cs;ehl;Lg; ngWkjp $l;ly; nghUl;fspd; ngWkjpapy; 35 rjtPjk; my;yJ mjw;Fk; $LjyhdJ vd;gjid cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;w tpjj;jpy; ,yq;if Vw;Wkjp mgptpUj;jpr; rigapdhy; my;yJ ,yq;if KjyPl;Lr; rigapdhy; kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfSf;F toq;fg;gl;l rhd;wpjiog; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mj;jifa rhd;wpjo;fs; cw;gj;jpfspd; ngWkjp $l;lg;gl;l $wpid kpff; ftdkhf kjpg;gPL nra;j gpd;dH> KjyPl;Lr; rigay;yhj njhopy; Kaw;rpfisg; nghWj;jtiu ,yq;if Vw;Wkjp mgptpUj;jp rigapdhYk; KjyPl;Lr; rigj; njhopy; Kaw;rpfisg; nghWj;jtiu KjyPl;Lr; rigapdhYk; toq;fg;gLk;. gw;Wf;fs;> kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfspdhy; ,wf;Fkjp nra;ag;gl;l cs;sPLfspd; Njitf;fhf ntspehl;L nryhtzpapy; nra;ag;gltpUf;Fk; nfhLg;gdTfSf;Fk; ,yq;if &ghtpw;fhd Neub khw;wy;fSf;Fk; kl;LNk kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. ehzaj; jhs;fs; kw;Wk; gazpfs; fhNrhiy Nghd;w ntspehl;L ehzak; kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpw;nfjpuhf toq;fg;glkhl;lhJ. xt;nthU khjj;jpd; ,WjpapYk; xt;nthU kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsH ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpYKs;s kPjp I.m.nlhyH 5>000 ,id tpQ;rf;$lhJ. 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Vw;Wkjp mgptpUj;jpr; rigAk; KjyPl;Lr; rigAk; Fiwe;j gl;rk; Mz;bw;nfhU KiwahtJ kiwKf Vw;WkjpahsHfspd; cw;gj;jpapdJ ngWkjp $l;lg;gl;l $W gw;wpa epyikapid kPsha;T nra;a Ntz;Lnkd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. 7. njhopy;rhH epGzj;Jt gzpfis toq;FgtHfSf;fhd ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs; ,j; jpl;lkhdJ> ,yq;iff;F ntspNa tjpNthUf;F mj;Jld; my;yJ ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpapid ciof;fpd;w cs;@H epWtdq;fs; my;yJ fk;gdpf;F njhopy;rhH epGzj;Jt gzpfis toq;Ffdp;w ,yq;ifapYs;s jdpg;gl;ltHfs;> epWtdq;fs; mj;Jld; my;yJ fk;gdpfSf;fhf mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ljhFk;. ,f; fzf;fhdJ ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpapid ciof;fpd;w ,yq;iff;F ntspNa tjpNthiuAk; mj;Jld; my;yJ cs;@H epWtdq;fs; my;yJ fk;gdpfisAk; jkJ gzpfis toq;Ffpd;w njhopy;rhH gzpfis toq;Ffpd;wtHfisAk; Cf;Ftpf;Fk; vd vjpHghHf;fpd;wJ.. tplak; vJthf ,Ug;gpDk;> jdpg;gl;ltHfs;/ epWtdq;fs;/ fk;gdpfs; vd;gd njhopy;rhH epGzj;Jt gzpfis toq;Ftjpy; Vw;fdNt <Lgl;bUf;fpd;wd vd;gjidAk; mj;jifa gzpfSf;fhf ngwg;gLk; ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpf; nfhLg;gdTfis kl;LNk fzf;fpy; tuT itf;fg;gLnkd;gjidAk; cWjpg;gLj;Jfpd;wikf;fhd Mtzq;fis jdpg;gl;ltHfs;> midj;Jg; 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Rdhkpf;F gpd;ida cs;Kf gztDg;gy; fzf;F 2005.02.15Mk; ehspypUe;J ntspehl;L murhq;fq;fs; cl;gl ntspehl;L Ml;fs; kw;Wk; epWtdq;fsplkpUe;J> ,yq;ifapy; njhopw;gLfpd;w mury;yh epWtdq;fs; ngWfpd;w midj;J cs;Kf gztDg;gy;fSk; “Rdhkpf;F gpd;ida cs;Kf gztDg;gy; fzf;F” vd;w ngahpyhd rpwg;Gf; fzf;fpD}lhfNt topg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk; vd Nfl;Lf; nfhs;sg;gl;ld. ,ul;ilg; gpuhrThpik tpz;zg;gjhhpfSf;fhd ntspehl;L ehza epiyahd itg;G fzf;Ffs; ,j; jpl;lkhdJ ,ul;ilg; gpurhThpik me;j];jpw;F tpz;zg;gpf;ff;$ba Kd;dhs; ,yq;ifaHfs;/ ntspehl;by; tjpAk; ,yq;ifaHfSf;fhf mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,j; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo;> gpujhd tpz;zg;gjhhp> mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l tzpfnuhUthplk; Fiwe;jgl;rk; 3 Mz;L fhyg;gFjpf;F I.m.nlhyH 50>000 ,id epiyahd itg;gpy; ,l;bUg;ghuhapd; FLk;g myF my;yJ jdpg;gl;l xUtUf;F ,ul;il gpurhThpik toq;Ftjw;fhf tpjpf;fg;gl;l ve;jnthU fl;lzj;jpypUe;Jk; tpyf;fspf;fg;gLthH; mNj Ntisapy;> gpujhd tpz;zg;gjhhp mjpfhukspf;fg;gl;l tzpfnuhUthplk; Fiwe;jgl;rk; 3 Mz;L fhyg;gFjpf;F I.m.nlhyH 25>000 ,id itg;Gr; nra;jpUg;ghuhapd; mtuJ FLk;g myF my;yJ jdpg;gl;l tpz;zg;gjhhp xt;nthUtUf;Fk; &.200>000 nfhz;l fl;lzk; tpjpf;fg;gLk;. 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I.m.nlhyH 5>000 ,yl;rj;jpw;Fk; $Ljyhd gzj;jpid ntspehl;bw;F vLj;Jr; nry;Yk; Nehf;Fld; ,yq;iff;Fs; mjid vLj;JtUnkhUtH me;j ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpid Rq;fj;jpw;F ntspg;gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpid Vw;Wkjp nra;Ak; tplaj;jpidg; nghWj;jtiu> ,yq;ifapy; tjpAnkhUtH I.m.nlhyH 10>000 tiuapyhd my;yJ mjw;Fr; rkkhd khw;wj;jf;f NtW ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpid Rq;fj;jpw;F ntspg;gLj;jhkNyNa ntspapy; vLj;Jr; nry;yyhk;. vdpDk;> mtd;/ mts; ntspehl;L ehzaj; jhs;fspd; tbtpy; mt;thW vLj;Jr; nry;yg;gLk; ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpd; ngWkjp I.m.nlhyH 5>000 my;yJ mjw;Fr; rkkhd NtW VjhtJ khw;wj;jf;f ehzaj;jpid tpQ;Rkplj;J mjid ,yq;if Rq;fj;jpw;F ntspg;gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. %j;j ntspehl;L gpuirfs; - rpwg;Gf; fzf;Ffs; “,yq;if – vdJ fdT ,y;y epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk;” vd;gjd; fPo; tjpNthH tprhtpd; fPo; ePz;l fhyk; ,yq;ifapy; jq;fpapUf;f tpUk;Gk; %j;j ntspehl;Lg; gpuirfs; ,f; fzf;fpidj; jpwf;f chpj;JilatuhtH. ,j;jpl;lk; 55 tajpw;F Nkw;gl;l midj;J %j;j ntspehl;L gpuirfSf;Fk; Vw;GilajhFk;. tpz;zg;gjhhpfs; jkJ tho;f;ifj; JizfisAk; 18 tajpw;F Fiwe;j gps;isfisAk; jpUkzkhfhj gps;isfisAk; jq;fpapUg;Nghuhf mioj;J tUtjw;F mDkjpf;fg;gl;ldH. tpz;zg;gjhhpfs; Fiwe;jgl;rk; I.m.nlhyH 15>000 my;yJ ,jw;Fr; rkkhd NtW khw;wj;jf;f ntspehl;L ehzaj;jpid mDg;GkhWk; mtw;iw epiyahd itg;G ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpy; itg;Gr; nra;AkhWk; Nfl;Lf; nfhs;sg;gl;ldH. ,j; njhifahdJ tpz;zg;gjhhp ,t; tprhtpd; fPo; ,yq;ifapy; jq;fpapUf;Fk; fhyg;gFjp tiu fzf;fpy; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,yq;ifapy; tho;f;ifg; guhkhpg;gjw;fhf gpujhd tpz;zg;gjhhpf;fhf khjhe;jk; I.m.nlhyH 1>500 ck; NrHe;jpUf;Fk; tho;f;ifj;Jiz kw;Wk; jq;fpapUf;Fk; gps;isfs; xt;nthd;wpw;Fk; I.m.nlhyH 750 ck; ,yq;if &gh Nrkpg;G my;yJ eilKiwf; fzf;fpy; itg;Gr; nra;ag;gl Ntz;Lk;. . %j;j ntspehl;Lg; gpuirfs; epiyahd itg;G ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;Ffs;             tuTfs; tq;fpj;njhopy; topKiwfspD}lhf ehl;bw;Fs; nfhz;L tug;gl;l khw;wj;jf;f ntspehl;L ehzak; (Fiwe;jgl;r Muk;g njhif I.m.nlhyH 15>000)             gw;Wf;fs; %j;j ntspehl;Lg; gpuirfs; ,yq;ifia tpl;L nry;tjw;F jPHkhdpj;j Ntisapy;> nryhtzpf; fl;Lg;ghl;lhshpd; mDkjpAld; ,f; fzf;fpd; kPJ nrYj;jg;gLk;. tl;b %j;j ntspehl;L gpuirfs; &ghf; fzf;fpw;F khw;wk; nra;ag;gly; Ntz;Lk;. %j;j ntspehl;L gpuirfs; &ghf; fzf;Ffs;           tuTfs; %j;j ntspehl;L gpuirapdhy; mthpd; guhkhpg;Gj; Njitf;fhf ehl;bw;F nfhz;L tug;gl;l khw;wj;jf;f ntspehl;L ehzak; (mjhtJ khjnkhd;wpw;fhd I.m.nlhyH 1>500) kw;Wk; mthpd; tho;f;ifj;Jiz my;yJ kw;iwa jq;fpapUg;Nghhpd; tho;f;if guhkhpg;gjw;fhd njhif (mjhtJ xt;nthU jq;fpapUg;ghsUf;Fk; xt;nthU khjKk; I.m.nlhyH 750); %j;j ntspehl;L gpuirfs; epiyahd itg;G ntspehl;L ehzaf; fzf;fpy; itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; epjpapd; kPJ nrYj;jg;gLk; tl;b.        gw;Wf;fs; KjyPl;lhshpdJk; mthpy; jq;fpapUg;NghhpdJk; cs;@H nrytpdq;fs;;; KjyPl;lhsHfs; mj;Jld;/ my;yJ ,yq;ifapy; tjpAk; mthpy; jq;fpapUg;Nghhpd; eilKiw gd;dhl;L nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fSf;fhd nfhLg;gdtpw;fhd ntspr;nry;Yk; gztDg;gy;fs;.